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Plastic extruders are widely used in the plastics processing industry.

Time：

2017-03-17

Nearly twenty years ago, loading material into extruders was typically done manually: operators laboriously transferred pellets from bags or boxes into the extruder’s hopper. With the introduction of automation in plastic processing, workers have been relieved of heavy physical labor and exposure to dusty environments. Tasks once performed by hand are now handled automatically by conveying equipment and other automated systems. Extruders can be classified according to the number of screws they employ—single-screw, twin-screw, and multi-screw types. At present, single-screw extruders are widely used and well suited for processing most common materials. Twin-screw extruders, on the other hand, generate less heat through friction and offer advantages such as improved mixing and homogenization of the material…

Nearly twenty years ago, loading extruders was typically done manually: operators laboriously transferred pellets from bags or boxes into the extruder’s hopper. With the advent of automation in plastic processing, workers have been relieved of strenuous physical labor and exposure to dusty environments. Tasks once performed by hand are now handled automatically by conveyor systems and other equipment.

Extruders can be classified according to the number of screws into single-screw, twin-screw, and multi-screw extruders. At present, single-screw extruders are widely used and well suited for the extrusion processing of most materials. Twin-screw extruders, on the other hand, offer advantages such as reduced heat generation from friction, more uniform shear on the material, greater screw conveying capacity, stable extrusion output, and longer residence time of the material in the barrel, resulting in superior mixing. The SJSZ series conical twin-screw extruders feature forced extrusion, high quality, broad adaptability, long service life, low shear rates that minimize material degradation, excellent compounding and plasticizing performance, and the capability to directly form powdered materials. They are equipped with automatic temperature control and vacuum venting systems, making them ideal for producing pipes, sheets, profiled sections, and other molded products.

　　Single-screw extruders occupy a pivotal position, whether as plasticizing and pelletizing equipment or as molding and processing machinery. In recent years, they have undergone significant advancements. Today, large-scale single-screw extruders manufactured in Germany feature screw diameters of up to 700 mm and achieve production rates of 36 t/h. The primary hallmark of the evolution of single-screw extruders lies in the development of their key component—the screw itself.

In recent years, extensive theoretical and experimental research has been conducted on screw elements, resulting in nearly a hundred distinct screw designs to date. Common types include the separating, shearing, barrier,分流 (diverting), and wave‑type screws. Looking at the evolution of single‑screw extruders, although these machines have become quite sophisticated in recent decades, ongoing advances in polymer materials and plastic products will continue to give rise to novel screw configurations and innovative single‑screw extruders.

In plastic extrusion equipment, the plastic extruder is typically referred to as the main machine, while the downstream auxiliary equipment that works in tandem with it is called the auxiliary machine. Over more than a century of development, plastic extruders have evolved from single-screw designs to include twin-screw, multi-screw, and even screwless configurations. These extruders can be paired with a wide range of auxiliary machines for producing pipes, films, rods, monofilaments, flat filaments, strapping, extruded mesh, sheets, profiled sections, pellets, cable jackets, and other products, thereby forming diverse plastic extrusion production lines capable of manufacturing an extensive array of plastic goods. Consequently, plastic extrusion machinery remains, both today and in the future, one of the most widely used types of equipment in the plastics processing industry.